Mandarin Circle

–introduce Mandarin as a foreign language to young learners at the age of 3 to 5 


How learning a foreign language is beneficial for child development

Learning a new language at a young age can be an enriching experience with numerous benefits. First, numerous scientific research has evidently shown that learning a new language has an impact on gaining more neurons that coordinate communication and facilitate connections between different brain regions. Second, It helps cognitive development at an early age, especially critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Moreover, attention span can be improved since language learning requires concentration. Finally,  children also benefit from learning a new language with better  memory skills and more creativity 


 How the first language influence the second language acquisition 

The significant influence of L1 (first language) to L2 (second language) has been proven in many scientific researches in the last few decades. The existing linguistic knowledge facilitates the learner to understand the second language and even makes contributions to the application once the learner is ready to produce it. Therefore, the best way to introduce a foreign language is to find the topic that the learners can link the new content with the existing linguistic knowledge. 



Take learning Mandarin as an example. 

Mandarin is based on a graphic script. That means the character represents meanings but phonetic sounds are a totally different system. Learners have to look at the Chinese character as a “picture” and make association to a particular sound. Meanwhile, they try to understand the meaning of the “word.” Then, they have to analyze the application of using this word in the context and find a way to memorize it. It takes several steps to complete the process, which is certainly challenging but beneficial for cognitive development to young children. 


Key components to design a Mandarin  Circle


Theme-matching 


Considering the influence of L1 to L2, incorporating the theme they have taught is the best way to introduce the new language. Young learners  can easily connect the new word to the background knowledge they have already had. That approach not only encourages them to engage in active participation but also increases their self-confidence in learning a new language. 


Visual aids


Young learners need to make a connection between the new word and  the existing linguistic knowledge. Thus, introducing new vocabulary with pictures or objects is certainly beneficial to the young learners. It also enhances the “communication function” since it facilitates the language processing effectively in their brain. Considering their short attention span, the number of new words should be limited from six to ten. 


Interactive activities 


Using the activities or games played in the circle times frequently to review new learned words is a great approach. Matching, identifying the missing picture or item, even painting or simple science experiments are good options to be incorporated. Also, at this stage, the instructions to play the game can be given in Mandarin with demonstration. That challenges younger learners' listening comprehension. In order to check their understanding, asking them to retell the steps can be done in English. . 


The Mandarin circle can be implemented in the Early Child education program with engaging activities. It provides benefits of nurturing their cognitive development as well as providing the foundation of future language learning. 




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